Short answer:
The main thing it takes away is time. The most valuable, non-renewable resource in the universe.
It's given back the artistic satisfaction of creating the music I want to hear and realizing a vision I have, provided enjoyment to thousands of people around the world, and sometimes even money.
The much longer answer:
I increasingly feel that technology has significantly taxed people for time when it comes to composing. When I started, I just had my guitar and piano, and a pencil and paper. At some point in the mid 2000s, I discovered Guitar Pro 4, or maybe it was 3 at the time? That changed my world. The fact that I could play back my songs with (crappy) MIDI was just mind-blowing. Even though they'd actually existed since the 90s, I had no idea that home-recording was possible and certainly not MIDI sequencers and virtual instrument samplers.
I firmly believe that this had two benefits: 1. is that it made me a much better composer than a lot of my peers at the time wound up becoming. I could not rely on any technological crutches; I had to make sure that on just my guitar, or with the GP playback that it sounded like a great composition there.
But the other big benefit it had was how little time investment it required. Back when, I'd write the song (in just a few hours), it was was totally awesome, and I would just say "this will sound great when I can get my band together and go to a recording studio some day!" and then moved on with life.
However, it's extremely expensive to hire nothing but live players, and I don't have a band anymore most of the time, so I have to do virtual instrument mockups, mix everything myself, and this can take a loooong time if you want to make something great.
Looking at my project files for my most recent tune, which I did straight into the DAW since the electric guitar would be the only live instrument, I started it on the 2nd of March and finished it on the 21st. I worked on it every day until it was done. So for a 3 and 1/2 minute piece, which I'm really pleased with btw, it took almost an entire month. A song I wrote using almost all live performances, and started in Guitar Pro, back in October called "Open Road Runaways", I wrote that in a single day, and had it done three days later and the only reason it wasn't done in 1 or 2 days, was because I had to wait for the other musician to get around to recording his parts.
That is an absolutely staggering difference in time investment.
Maybe I shouldn't admit this for professional reasons, but I am increasingly less interested in just "composing" and thinking more about getting back into playing in live bands. At this point, the only thing that appeals to me about writing CUSTOM music for games or stuff anymore would be if they were offering good money. Otherwise, I can just create at my own pace, and license out tracks to developers here and there; it's a whole lot less stressful and time consuming.
But Here's another thing about all these pieces of music I've composed, including the most recent one, which ties into my previous point: I don't recall about 90% of the process of creating it. On the first game score I ever composed, 10 years ago, I honestly don't remember anything about the time I spent composing it...
But I do remember jamming with my friends, rocking out on stage, the people I met, the festivals I went to, etc. On my death bed, I am not going remember all the fun I had writing music; most of what I'll remember would be the times spent playing it and the friends I made on the "journey" as it were. With a band, I could take songs I/we write and play them live for a lot of different people, a lot of stories and life experiences could be had. Not so much with just writing music, though.
So something else it can take out of you? Life experiences.
I know this all probably sounds really negative, but it's not meant to be, but what it has taught me I think is not to focus TOO MUCH on composing — there is more to music and life in general.