Four Seasons - Spring Vivaldi Modulation?

Hello,

I was just wondering if the G# and A# in bar 43 is modulation? And if so, what key does it modulate to? Thanks in advance!

Hello @Pano,

58 minutes ago, Pano said:

I was just wondering if the G# and A# in bar 43 is modulation? And if so, what key does it modulate to? Thanks in advance!

With the A# the music is modulating to B major, the dominant of the tonic key of the tonic E major. This is very common in Baroque ritornello form to modulate to the tonic key's related keys like Dominant, relative minor, Subdominant in the tutti sections before the solo instrument comes in, in this case b.48 when the solo instrument brings the music from the established B major to the relative minor C sharp minor in b.60.

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Henry

Hi @Henry Ng Tsz Kiu,

Thanks for the reply! I recently just saw this. I have another question if you don't mind - when the piece is modulating from A# to B major, is it dominant, relative minor, relative major, or subdominant? Thanks! And of course I don't mind.

On 3/9/2023 at 8:47 AM, Henry Ng Tsz Kiu said:

With the A# the music is modulating to B major, the dominant of the tonic key of the tonic E major.

27 minutes ago, Pano said:

I have another question if you don't mind - when the piece is modulating from A# to B major, is it dominant, relative minor, relative major, or subdominant?

B major is the dominant of E major since it's the 5th above E and with one sharp more. The A# appearence is the signal of a tonicization, that is, making B major the temporary tonic.

Henry

Hi @Henry Ng Tsz Kiu,

So is the A# a signal of tonicization or modulation? I'm a bit confused as in your first answer you said that "the A# the music is modulating to B major, the dominant of the tonic key of the tonic E major", while in your second answer you said that "The A# appearence is the signal of a tonicization, that is, making B major the temporary tonic."

Thanks, Pano

Hello @Pano,

Tonicization is a way to modulate, as "tonicization is the treatment of a pitch other than the overall tonic (the "home note" of a piece) as a temporary tonic in a composition." (From wiki). The A# is both a signal of tonicization and modulation since tonicization is the method for modulation.

Henry

Hey @Henry Ng Tsz Kiu,

Thank you so much! This is really helping me with my musical study.

Pano

Hello just wondering is there perfect cadence/authenic cadence in the score and if so what bar thanks

Hello @hoi,

There're several name for the cadence like perfect cadence, authentic cadence as you mention which means V-I, but I think the division of perfect authentic cadence (PAC) when the tonic chord's ^1/^8 is reached, and imperfect authentic cadence (IAC), when ^3/^5 is reached, is more detailed. You can check the last bar of the first movement ana a PAC is reached there!

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Henry